![]() Yet, due to the close proximity to only one image, it is immediately clear which text belongs to which image. In a magazine’s layout, the image descriptions can be in different positions on the page. Print is the basis for the layouts we build on the web and it makes understanding the principle much easier. Print LayoutsĮven though the focus of this article is on digital work, it makes sense to look at print layouts first. The Gestalt proximity principle helps to define connection between different objects or lines of text on the page. Those rules apply in digital and print design alike. The spacing must be wide enough so letters are distinguishable but small enough to form words from the individual letters. Space between lines must be bigger than between words, but small enough so they form a paragraph. By being closer to the section it belongs to, it feels more connected to it. For example, a headline must have more space before it than after. Proximity is a very important part of making a text easy to read. The gestalt principles also make for a great checklist when something feels off about a design.Įxamples (with Images) Using the Gestalt Theory of Proximity Typography and Copy And your developer colleague will understand why you need a space of 5px horizontally and 15px vertically between your cards. ![]() This way you can reason about a design and explain issues to colleagues. Yet, I would argue, it is always helpful to know why this strategy works. Many designers use the principle of proximity without even knowing or thinking about it. The principle of proximity can imply directionality. Below you see either rows or columns, depending on the proximity of the elements. ![]() Proximity can help you define the direction of the viewers’ attention. The principle of proximity is more powerful than the gestalt principle of similarity (in this case, of color). Thus proximity is stronger than, for example, the principle of similarity. You can see below that the circles still appear grouped, even when they differ in shape or color. The principle of proximity is stronger than other gestalt principles. Proximity is a powerful way to group objects into logical sets. The only thing that changed is the distance between (or rather, proximity of) some of the circles. In the second image you see three groups (columns) of circles. In the first image you see one group of circles. The following example illustrates the principle of proximity. This is true even if the color, size, or shape of the objects differ. The principle of proximity states that we perceive objects which are close to one another as a group. What Is the Gestalt Principle of Proximity? This happens in predictable ways, and these are outlined in the principles of perception defined by the psychologists Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Köhler, and Kurt Koffka. The brain does more than just add up available sensory information, it creates a perception of them, a meaning. The word “gestalt” (pronounced guh-shtaalt) means “form” or “pattern” in German, and it reflects the idea that the whole can be different than the sum of its parts.
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